2017年考研英语完型填空之五大逻辑关系题

完型填空是考研英语复习中很多同学会忽略的一部分，因为完型分值少，复习方法不明确，很多学姐学长都会说完型可以不复习，但是考研英语的高分是每一个部分都不能忽视，查字典公务员考研建议2017年考研在复习考研英语的时候，重视完型填空，把握完型填空的命题根据，争取完型部分也得高分。

逻辑关系题是完型填空的重要考查点，且容易得分，故成为完型的重要得分点。完型中主要考察的五大逻辑关系为：对立关系、因果关系、并列关系、总分关系和递进关系。

对立关系

　　包括让步和转折关系，常见的标志词和短语有：but, however, yet, on the contrary, by contrast, unfortunately, although, even though, nevertheless, in spite of, regardless of, anyhow, instead of, rather than, notbut等。

　　如2000年完型第41题：

　　He must store a large quantity of grain ___ consuming all his grain immediately.

　　[A]other than [B]as well as [C]instead of[D]more than

　　答案：C

　　解析：此处考查的是逻辑关系，需要根据空前和空后来判断。空前储存了大量粮食与空后消耗所有粮食形成对立关系，选C instead of。

　　因果关系

　　常用的标志词和短语有：because, for, since, as, thus, hence, therefore, so, sothat, suchthat, in order that, consequently, accordingly, due to, thanks to, in response to, on account of, because of, considering that, seeing that, in that, now that, lest, as a result, for this reason等。

　　如2004年完型第34题：

　　More families consist of one parent households or two working parents, ___, children are likely to have less supervision at home.

　　[A]contrarily [B]consequently[C]similarly [D]simultaneously

　　答案：B

　　解析：此处考查的是逻辑关系，需要根据空前和空后来判断。空前更多的家庭是单亲家庭或双工家庭与空后孩子在家很少受到监管之间是因果关系，故所B consequently。

　　并列关系

　　常用的标志词和短语有：and, or, neithernor, eitheror, not onlybut also, likewise, similarly, equally, in the same way, that is to say, as well as, sameas等。

　　如2004年完型第25题：

　　Theories focusing on the role of society suggest that children commit crimes in response to their failure to rise above their socioeconomic status, ___ as a rejection of middle-class values.

　　[A]or[B]but rather [C]but [D]or else

　　答案：A

　　解析：此处考查的是逻辑关系，需要根据空前和空后来判断。空前没有成功提升社会经济地位与空后排斥中产阶级的价值观都可能是犯罪的原因，故空前和空后之间是并列关系，选A or。

　　总分关系

　　常用的标志词和短语有：such as, for example, for instance, to illustrate, as an illustration, to take an example, more specifically等。

　　如2001年完型第31题：

　　The government is to ban payments to witnesses by newspapers seeking to buy up people involved in prominent cases ___ the trial of Rosemary West.

　　[A]as to [B]for instance [C]in particular [D]such as

　　答案：D

　　解析：此处考查的是逻辑关系，需要根据空前和空后来判断。空前prominent cases与空后the trial of Rosemary West是包含的关系，总体与部分的关系，可以选for instance和such as，但for instance后面不能直接加名词，such as后要直接加名词，故选D such as。

　　递进关系

　　常用的标志词和短语有：then, besides, additionally, in addition, furthermore, moreover, what is more等。

　　如1994年完型第46题：

　　Too often, careless use of words prevents a meeting of the minds of the speaker and listener. The words used by the speaker may stir up unfavorable reactions in the listener which interfere with his comprehension; hence, the transmission-reception system breaks down.

　　___, inaccurate or indefinite words may make it difficult for the listener to understand the message which is being transmitted to him.

　　[A]Moreover[B]However [C]Preliminarily [D]Unexpectedly

　　答案：A

　　解析：此处考查的是逻辑关系，需要根据空前和空后来判断。此空位于段首，需要考虑本段与上一段的逻辑关系，上一段提到careless use of words给交谈带来的障碍，空后则提到inaccurate or indefinite words理解信息造成的困难。前后是递进关系，故选择A moreover。

　　掌握了逻辑关系这一个法宝，完型得分就不再是问题。