帮你轻松搞定考研英语长难句（七）

In 1968 an American ecologist, Garrett Hardin, published an article entitled The Tragedy of the Commons. He argued that when a resource is held jointly, it is in individuals self-interest to deplete it, so people will tend to undermine their collective long-term interest by over-exploiting rather than protecting that asset. Such a tragedy is now unfolding, causing serious damage to a resource that covers almost half the surface of the Earth. The high seas are a commons.

词汇突破：

1.Garrett Hardin 和 The Tragedy of the Commons

加内特哈丁;《公地悲剧》这是这位教授非常有名的一篇文章;他还提出过救生艇伦理学(Lifeboat Ethics); 他的很多理论甚是经典，能解释我们现在所很多的全球化的问题。

解释：一个向众人开放的牧场，在其中每个牧羊人的直接利益取决于他所放牧的牲畜数量的多少。由于在缺乏约束的条件，当存在过度放牧问题时，每个牧羊人虽然明知公地会退化，但个人博弈的最优策略仍然只能是增加牲畜数量，久而久之，牧场可能彻底退化或废弃。这就是公地悲剧。

2. be in someones interest 符合某人利益

3. deplete 减少，耗尽

4. undermine 破坏

5. unfold 展现

6. high seas 公海

7. asset 财产

8. over-exploiting 过度开发

9. ecologist 生态学家

10. rather than 而不是

句子解析：

1. In 1968 an American ecologist, Garrett Hardin, published an article entitled The Tragedy of the Commons.

1968年美国的生态学家加内特哈丁，出版了名为公地悲剧的文章。

2. He argued that when a resource is held jointly, it is in individuals self-interest to deplete it, so people will tend to undermine their collective long-term interest by over-exploiting rather than protecting that asset.

他指出当资源是共有的时候，耗尽这些资源是符合个人利益的。所以人们就倾向于通过过度的开发来破坏长远的集体利益，而不是保护这些资源。

3. Such a tragedy is now unfolding， causing serious damage to a resource that covers almost half the surface of the Earth. The high seas are a commons.

这种悲剧正在上演，对覆盖地球几乎一半面积的一种资源造成了严重的危害。公海就是公地。

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