2017中移铁通校园招聘考试英语试题三（附解析）

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2017中移铁通校园招聘考试英语试题汇总

Questions 11 to 15 are based on the following passage:

Prolonging human life has increased the size of the human population. Many people alive today would have died of childhood diseases if they had been born a hundred years ago. Because more people live longer, there are more people around at any given time. In fact, it is a decrease in death rates, not an increase in birth rates, that has led to the population explosion.

Prolonging human life has also increased the dependency load. In all societies, people who are disabled or too young or too old to work are dependent on the rest of society to provide for them. In hunting and gathering cultures, old people who could not keep up might be left behind to die. In times of famine, infants might be allowed to die because they could not survive if their parents starved, whereas if the parents survived they could have another child. In most contemporary (当代的) societies, people feel a moral obligation to keep people alive whether they can work or not. We have a great many people today who live past the age at which they want to work or are able to work; we also have rules which require people to retire at a certain age. Unless these people were able to save money for their retirement, somebody else must support them. In the United States many retired people live on social security checks which are so little that they must live in near poverty. Older people have more illness than young or middle-aged people; unless they have wealth or private or government insurance, they must often go on welfare if they have a serious illness.

When older people become senile or too weak to care for themselves, they create grave problems for their families. In the past and in some traditional cultures, they would be cared for at home until they died. Today, with most members of a household working or in school, there is often no one at home who can care for a sick or weak person. To meet this need, a great many nursing homes and convalescent (康复的) hospitals have been built. These are often profit-making organizations, although some are sponsored (赞助) by religious and other nonprofit groups. While a few of these institutions are good, most of them are simply dumping grounds for the dying in which care is given by poorly paid, overworked, and under-skilled personnel.

11. What was the cause to the population growth according to the passage?

A. increase of birth rate

B. advance in medical care

C. well-administered social welfare

D. the decrease of death rate

12. It can be learned from the passage that in some traditional societies _____.

A. infants may be left to die when there isnt enough food to go around

B. old and sick people are cared for at home until they died

C. people are required to retire at a certain age

D. people who are too weak or ill have to take care of themselves

13. What does the word senile in the first line of the last paragraph mean?

A. advanced in age B. sick

C. disabled D. capricious

14. What is the authors attitude toward the nursing homes and convalescent hospitals mentioned in the paragraph?

A. suspicious B. optimistic C. neutral D. critical

答案在后页

11. D。文中第一段指出，人口的增加并不是因为出生率的增加，而是死亡率的下降。

12. B。文章第二段说明，在过去的、传统型的社会中，老人一般在自己的家里得到照料直到寿终正寝。

13. A。senile的意思是年老的。

14. D。从文章的最后一段可以看出，作者对于那些疗养院是持批评的态度，用的大多是贬义词。如dumping grounds， poorly paid, overworked, 和under?skilled。

15. B。文章讨论的主要话题是不同的感冒病毒对人的影响，所以最合适的题目是人和病毒。