2017年考研英语：阅读中的定语从句解读

(本文作者为查字典公务员考研辅导名师武新宇)　

同学们都知道定语从句的作用是对主句中的名词或代词进行修饰限定，殊不知有些定语从句兼有状语从句的功能，在意义上与主句隐含着一定的状语关系，说明原因，结果，条件，让步等逻辑关系。

例如：

He insisted on building another house, which he had no use for. 这里which引导的定语从句在语法上是对another house的修饰限定，实际上在这句话字里行间中暗含让步的逻辑关系，可以译为：他坚持要求建另一套住房，尽管他并无此需要。再比如：

Men became desperate for work, any work, which would help them to keep alive their family. which引导的非限制性定语从句修饰主句中的work, 通过对前后两个分句的理解，发现可把定语从句理解为表示条件的分句：人们迫切需要工作，任何工作都可以，只要它能维持一家人的生活就行。

定语从句兼有状语从句的功能除了在翻译上给我们启示以外，考研英语阅读也会考查，尤其会考查定语从句表示因果关系。例如1997年第五篇文章：

68. According to the passage, which of the following is TRUE?

[A] Making monetary policies is comparable to driving a car

[B] An extremely low jobless rate will lead to inflation

[C] A high unemployment rate will result from inflation

[D] Interest rates have an immediate effect on the economy答案B选项就是对以下这句话破折号后面定语从句的同义转述Americas capacity utilization, for example, hit historically high levels earlier this year, and its jobless rate (5.6% in August) has fallen below most estimates of the natural rate of unemployment -- the rate below which inflation has taken off in the past.定语从句中的关系代词which指代的是自然失业率，即低于自然失业率，在过去通货膨胀已上升。低于自然失业率指的就是破折号前面失业率低的情况，通货膨胀上升说明有通货膨胀，所以选B，这里定语从句表示的就是结果的状语关系。再例如2000第一篇

51. The U.S. achieved its predominance after World War II because ________.

[A] it had made painstaking efforts towards this goal

[B] its domestic market was eight times larger than before

[C] the war had destroyed the economies of most potential competitors

[D] the unparalleled size of its workforce had given an impetus to its economy该题问的是美国二战后获得优势地位的原因，答案C选项是对文章中定语从句America and Americans were prosperous beyond the dreams of the Europeans and Asians whose economies the war had destroyed.的同义转述，这句话中虽然没有表示原因的单词，但是whose引导的定语从句与主句存在表示原因的逻辑关系。

考研英语阅读中原因关系是个考点，如果回到文章中定位没有发现表示原因的词汇，我们可以重点关注暗含因果关系的定语从句。后，考研不是你一个人在战斗，在漫漫考研路上，查字典公务员考研的老师会一直陪伴着同学们的左右，为你们解答考研路上的各种疑惑，祝同学们考研成功!

考研英语的复习贵在坚持，可能一段时间效果不明显，但是突破了瓶颈，就会感觉有质的飞跃。因此我们只有坚持不懈，才能成为后的赢家。为了方便大家学习，查字典公务员考研特为广大学子推出2017考研OL乐学、全年集训、精品网课系列备考专题，所有你不明白的都会一一帮你搞定。同时，查字典公务员考研一直为大家推出考研直播课堂，足不出户就可以轻松学习！