考研英语复合句快速破解――主语从句

一、何谓主语从句

在复合句中充当主语成分的句子叫做主语从句。具体结构为：引导词引导一个从句作主语;或者it作形式主语+谓语/系表结构+引导词+从句。

二、解构主语从句

1. 引导词引导一个从句作主语

引导主语从句的关联词有从属连词：that，whether，关系代词：who, what, which , whom, whose, whatever, whoever, whomever, whichever;关系副词：when, where, how, why, however, whenever, wherever等。例如：

That (从属连词)you dont like him is none of my business.你不喜欢他不管我的事。

Whether(从属连词) the football game will be played depends on the weather.足球比赛是否举行将视天气而定。

What(关系代词)he said is true. 他说的是真的。

Where(关系副词)his father has gone is not known yet. 他的爸爸去了哪儿，还不知道。

2. it作形式主语+谓语/系表结构+引导词+从句

如果主语从句太长，为避免句子结构头重脚轻，我们可用it作形式主语，而把主语从句放在主句谓语部分之后。That引导的主语从句可用it代替，that 不可省略。例如：

用it作形式主语的结构：

(1)It is/was +形容词+that 从句

Its natural that 很自然 Its obvious that 显而易见

Its fortunate that 幸运的是 Its (im)possible(不)可能

Its unlikely that 不可能 Its strange that奇怪的是

(2)It is/was +名词+that 从句

Its a pity that 遗憾的是 Its a fact that 事实是

Its good news that是好消息 Its a wonder that不足为奇

Its an honour that 非常荣幸 Its a shame that真是可耻

Its common knowledge that 是常识

(3)It +不及物动词+that 从句

It seems that 似乎 It happened that碰巧

It appears that看来 It turns out that结果

(4)It is/was +过去分词+that 从句

Its not known that 不得而知 Its said that 据说

Its reported that 据报道 Its decided that尚未决定

Its believed that 据认为 Its announced that据宣布

It suddenly struck me (occur to me that 我突然想到(感觉到)

(5)其他

It doesnt matter 是无关紧要的

It makes no difference 毫无区别

It is of little consequence that无关紧要

It is a pity that she has made such a mistake. 她犯这样的错误是令人遗憾的事。

Its strange that he didnt come yesterday. 他昨天没来是很奇怪的。

It is reported that the number of wild animals in Africa is decreasing.据报导非洲野生动物的数量正在减少。

It is said that there was a terrible plane crash this morning.据说今天早上有一起可怕的飞机坠毁事故。